Historical and Theoretical Perspective on Teaching Reading Essay

Historical and Theoretical Perspective on Teaching Reading - Essay Example Teachers can teach reading through several methods, one of these methods is the testing and measuring approach, in this method the teacher uses tests and assessments to measure how well the student has read and learned from the assigned tests (Lapp, 2007, p.423). The objects that are measured through these tests are informed to the students before hand during the sessions of instructions and then the teachers check whether these objectives have been accomplished. The tests should be consistent with the learning objectives and then it is checked whether the objectives have been met. This method pays emphasis to focused activity based teaching as the teacher teaches those parts that will be assessed. Curriculums that are designed on these methods are highly structured as this curriculum focus on the objectives that need to be attained by students. Students can learn through this teaching method if they are motivated with the assistance of reward for attaining set goals. The downside of using this method is that restricted amount of learning and teaching takes place as students only learn and obtain information which is going to be tested and other information is ignored. One of the most appropriate methods of teaching how to read is the subject method approach which pays emphasis on the significance of subject matter derived by students while they are involved in the process of reading (Richards, 2001, p.19). The basis of this form of reading is that a message should be transferred to the reader of a particular text.

Creating, Financing, and Marketing a Business Term Paper

Creating, Financing, and Marketing a Business - Term Paper Example The majority of businesses begin as sole proprietorships. These are owned by a single person who owns all the business assets and generated profits, as well as the liabilities and debts that the business incurs. It has several advantages: Easy and inexpensive to begin the owner is in full control and may make decisions on their own terms laws permitting, the owner receives all the income from business, the profits flow from the business to the tax returns of the owner and he can dissolve the business as he sees fit. Its disadvantages are that the liability is unlimited, and capital is hard to rise. Corporations are state chartered and are separate from its owners. It can enter contractual agreements, be sued, and taxed. Corporations do not dissolve when there is a change of ownership. Its advantages are limited liabilities and ease to raise capital, while its disadvantages are that it is expensive to begin and its involving ongoing paperwork. Cooperatives, on the other hand, are auto nomous associations, which involve people coming together for economic benefit. It is democratically owned and controlled by the members and is an entity on its own legally. Its advantages are the ownership and control wielded by its members and limited liability, while its disadvantages are slow decision-making and conflict risk among the members. 2. Identify the pros and cons of the partnership as a form of ownership. A partnership is the sharing of one business by more than one person. The law does not distinguish the owners and the business, just like a sole proprietorship. Its advantages are the sharing of risk among the partners and the sharing of business management duties. Its major disadvantages are the present risk of disagreement among partners and the shared decision-making (Groenewegen, 2009). 3. Discuss funding options for small businesses. There exist several ways in which businesses can be funded. They depend on what matters to the entrepreneur, the projection of fur ther incomes, and the options available (Groenewegen, 2009). Businesses can be funded by: Debt financing, which involves obtaining a loan from a bank with which the entrepreneur is comfortable with Equity; involves attraction of investors, which while meaning a drop in profits coming to the entrepreneur, helps in expanding business. Venture capital; involves the sale of business interest with a financing group rather than with personal investors. 4. Determine and discuss how managerial accounting can help managers with product costing, incremental analysis, and budgeting. Managerial accounting can help managers with product costing, incremental analysis, and budgeting. Managerial accounting refers to detailed data utilized by the company’s members (Russell, 2008). It includes turnover cost, employee benefits costs, shipping costs, and product costs among other numbers, which the company has available. Human resources can utilize the data on benefits and turnover costs to make determinations on the budget and give increased wages to avoid turnover of employees. The store manager can utilize data on losses to check if customers or employees are thieving from him or her and add any necessary security. If a manager was in need to determine the suitability of a product’s price, they could check the data on sales to confirm whether supply and demand is near equilibrium and thus make necessary adjustments. 5. Discuss the basic components of the